Section 6

Outline

 

I.              Review of classical classification of learning and memory

A.     Learning

1.      Associative learning

a)     Classical conditioning

b)     Operant conditioning

2.      Non-associative learning

a)     Habituation

b)     Sensitization

c)      Imprinting

B.     Memory

1.      Explicit vs implicit

2.      Explicit or Declarative memory

3.      Implicit or Procedural memory

C.    Temporal scale

1.      Iconic memory

2.      Short‑term memory

3.      Intermediate‑term memory

4.      Long‑term memory

D.    Stages of processing

1.      Encoding

2.      Consolidation

3.      Retrieval

II.            Formation of memory

A.     Memory consolidation occurs by synaptic modification in the cortex under the influence of a variety of factors

B.     Consolidation is controlled by the hippocampal system, with emotional evaluation provided by the amygdala

C.    Consolidation occurs by Hebbian principles of association

D.    Summary

III.          Short-term memory

A.     Evidence for a two-system model of memory

B.     Evidence against a two-system model of memory

IV.         Perceptual memory

A.     Hierarchy and heterarchy

B.     Factors influencing memory solidity

V.           Review of hemispheric specialization literature

A.     Review of the crossed nature of sensory & motor systems

1.      Somatosensory system

2.      Visual system

3.      Motor system

B.     Evidence of lateralization as determined by Wada test

C.    Evidence of lateralization as determined by left hemisphere lesions

D.    Conclusion about left hemisphere function

E.     Evidence of lateralization as determined by right hemisphere lesions

F.     Conclusions about right hemisphere function

G.    Split‑brain experiments

1.      Anatomy

2.      History

H.     Hemispheric differences in split-brain patients

I.         Hemispheric competition

J.      Chimeric face experiments

VI.         Executive memory

A.     Deficits caused by frontal lobe lesions

B.     Corollary Discharge

C.    Microelectrode studies in monkeys

D.    Executive memory consolidation

E.     Action schema

F.     The case of Phineas Gage

G.    Adaptation to the social environment

H.     Executive memory solidity

I.         Executive-perceptual memory

J.      Future memory

VII.       Retrieval of memory

A.     Factors that alter memory retrieval

B.     Factors affecting degree of access to memory content

C.    Memory retrieval problems in patients with bilateral hippocampal damage

D.    Fuster's proposal for memory retrieval & consolidation

E.     Initiation of memory retrieval

1.      Memory retrieval by sensory input

2.      Memory retrieval by other memory networks

3.      Memory retrieval by the internal milieu

F.     Priming